The role of transnational corporations in hotel and tourism industry in selected PTA member countries

Abstract

This study examines tourism development in three PTA member countries Kenya, Mauritius, and Zimbabwe revealing its growing economic significance. Post-independence, these nations emphasized controlled tourism expansion to mitigate environmental and economic risks, prioritizing sustainable growth based on social and economic merits. Tourism has diversified economies, boosted foreign exchange earnings, and increased employment, becoming a key revenue source in some cases. While transnational corporations once dominated, their influence has waned, with governments and local investors now playing larger roles. State involvement includes joint ventures, incentives for local entrepreneurs, and training programs to build skilled workforces. However, formal guide training remains lacking. The study also highlights global tourism trends, noting shifts in regional demand, the impact of economic factors on travel patterns, and tourism’s role in income generation and foreign exchange earnings worldwide.