Special economic zones as a tool to foster inclusive and green industrialization in Zambia

Abstract

Special economic zones (SEZs) can drive inclusive and green industrialization in Zambia, particularly through the proposed cross-border electric vehicle (EV) battery zone with the Democratic Republic of the Congo. SEZs offer opportunities for job creation, value addition in mineral processing, and sustainable industrialization by integrating green technologies. However, Zambia’s current SEZ framework lacks robust policies for environmental compliance, local content, and stakeholder inclusivity. Key recommendations include enacting dedicated SEZ legislation, harmonizing cross-border regulations, enforcing environmental and social governance reporting, and promoting local SME participation. Strengthening these areas will ensure the EV battery SEZ contributes to economic transformation, regional integration, and sustainable development while aligning with Zambia’s industrialization goals.