Science and technology for the development of Africa

Abstract

Africa's underdevelopment and the structural weaknesses of its economies are largely attributable to its inability to apply science and technology to add value to its raw materials and commodities. Over the years, Africa has depended heavily on the export of basic raw materials and minerals, the international market price of which has been constantly falling with the advent of new materials and products manufactured in developed countries through the development and application of new and advanced science and technology. Primary commodities which account for over 92 per cent of the total export earnings of Africa, have suffered a fall of over 50 per cent in their prices between 1957 and 1992. This has invariably weakened Africa's ability to pay its external debt which has grown from USS185 billion in 1985 to S275 billion in 1992. Along with political stabilization and enhanced cooperation among the member States, the development and application of relevant science and technology offer much hope for providing impetus for resumption of growth and development. Science and technology in an enabling economic environment can raise the market price of Africa's exports by adding value to a range of existing products.