Background report on the sub-theme of peace, justice and strong institutions

Abstract

Peace, justice, and strong institutions (SDG 16) are foundational for sustainable development in Africa, yet progress remains uneven. While governance improved slightly from 2012–2019, security, rule of law, and inclusion have declined due to conflicts, coups, and crises like COVID-19. Africa faces rising terrorism (60% of global deaths in 2022), high homicide rates, and systemic violence against children. Corruption and illicit financial flows ($440B lost in 2019) further hinder development. Weak institutions, data gaps, and exclusionary governance exacerbate inequalities, with women and youth underrepresented in decision-making. Strengthening governance, inclusive policies, data systems, and anti-corruption measures is critical. Addressing root causes—conflict, inequality, and weak institutions—will accelerate SDG 16 and Agenda 2063, ensuring peace, justice, and prosperity for Africa.