Rocking the Boat: the Socio-Economic Impact of Maritime Threats in the Western Indian Ocean

Abstract

This report seeks to understand the costs associated with the many maritime threats to the WIO region, examining the most pertinent threats to maritime security in the region today in greater detail. The cost of maritime threats is not strictly quantifiable in dollar terms. Insecurity in the maritime domain has proven implications for physical security, sustainable livelihoods, biodiversity, and public health. Moreover, given that many of the maritime crimes discussed in this report are inherently clandestine activities, the full extent of these crimes is not fully documented. This report was produced during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Effects on maritime crimes and threats, the shipping industry, and coastal communities throughout the region of interest continue to evolve. This report quantifies the economic impact of maritime threats where possible and highlights the socio-economic costs to vulnerable coastal populations and to those whose livelihoods depend on the sea.