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Industrial extension : a neglected factor in African Industrial development
Abstract
This paper focuses on the critical role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in driving industrial development and job creation in Africa. Despite their potential, SMEs face high failure rates, particularly within the first five years of operation. The paper discusses the necessity of establishing effective industrial extension services to support these businesses during their formative years. It highlights the importance of in-plant management consultancy, which addresses the unique challenges faced by entrepreneurs in the region. The Centre for Industrial Research and Development at Obafemi Awolowo University has been at the forefront of providing such services for over two decades, yet many government-established industrial development centers struggle due to resource constraints. The paper argues for a comprehensive approach to industrial management training and the establishment of extension units to enhance the survival and growth of SMEs in Africa.