Technology and uses of beryllium, cesium, germanium, hafnium, niobium (Columbium), rare earths (including yttrium and scandium), tantalium, titanium and zirconium

Abstract

The chemical, metallurgical and physical properties of beryllium, cesium, germanium, hafnium, niobium, rare-earth, tantalum, titanium and zirconium metals and their principal con-pounds are reviewed, especially in light of their importance in present day technology and applications. The use of these metals and their compounds in industry, and in basic and applied research, such as space, nuclear energy, and electronics,is discussed. Special problems associated with these materials are noted and commented upon.